Infected dogs typically develop runny eyes, fever, snotty nose, coughing, vomiting, diarrhea, seizures, and paralysis. It is often fatal. Canine influenza is caused by the canine influenza virus. It is a relatively new disease in dogs. Because most dogs have not been exposed to the virus, their immune systems are not able to fully respond to the virus and many of them will become infected when they are exposed.
Canine influenza is spread through respiratory secretions, contaminated objects including surfaces, bowls, collars and leashes. The virus can survive for up to 48 hours on surfaces, up to 24 hours on clothing, and up to 12 hours on people's hands. Parvo is caused by the canine parvovirus type 2. The virus is very contagious and attacks the gastrointestinal system, causing fever, vomiting and severe, often bloody, diarrhea.
It is spread by direct contact between dogs as well as by contaminated stool, surfaces, bowls, collars, leashes, equipment, and the hands and clothing of people. It can also survive in the soil for years, making the virus hard to kill. Treating parvo can be very expensive and many dogs die from parvo despite intensive treatment. External parasites , such as ticks, fleas and mange, are fairly common dog problems. Ticks from the environment, fleas from other dogs and the environment, and mange from other dogs pose risks at dog gatherings.
Ticks can transmit diseases see tick-borne diseases below. Fleas can transmit some types of tapeworms as well as some diseases, and they may end up infesting your home and yard if they hitchhike home on your dog s. Some fertilizers and pesticides can be toxic to dogs. Avoid letting your pet walk, run, play or roam in areas that have recently been treated with fertilizers or pesticides. Fungal organisms in the soil can infect dogs when they eat or sniff contaminated soil.
Dogs can also be infected through the skin, especially through a skin wound. The types of fungus seen vary throughout the U. Histoplasmosis can be spread by bird or bat droppings. Heartworms are spread by mosquitoes and can cause coughing, lethargy, difficulty breathing, heart disease and death. Fortunately, there are many approved products to prevent heartworm infection. Heatstroke is a big risk during warm and hot weather. Remember that your dog is always wearing a fur coat and they are usually warmer than you are.
A temperature that seems only a little warm to a person can be too hot for a dog. Add to that the fact that dogs at dog gatherings are often active and playing, and the heat could become deadly for your dog. Never leave your pet in the car on warm days. Short-nosed breeds, such as pugs, Boston Terriers, boxers, bulldogs, etc. Bite wounds should be immediately evaluated by a veterinarian and efforts should be made to determine the rabies vaccination status of the biting dog.
Overweight dogs and dogs accustomed to more sedentary lifestyles should be encouraged to become more active, but excessive activity can put them at risk of injury to joints, bones or muscles. Intestinal parasites such as roundworms, hookworms, whipworms and tapeworms lay eggs that are passed in the dog's stool and infect other dogs when they eat contaminated soil, lick contaminated fur or paws, or drink water contaminated with the stool from infected dogs.
Tapeworms are spread when dogs eat fleas, lice, or rodents infected with tapeworms. Kennel cough can be caused by a combination of viruses and bacteria. It is very contagious and your dog can become infected if it comes into contact with an infected dog. Dogs with kennel cough may not seem ill in the early stages of the disease but they can still infect other dogs.
Most commonly, dogs with kennel cough will have a snotty nose and a dry, hacking cough. Leptospirosis is caused by species of the Leptospira bacteria. The bacteria are shed in the urine of infected animals, and animals and people usually become infected by drinking contaminated water or coming into contact with contaminated soil or food. Symptoms include fever, cough or wheezing, enlarged liver, rash, or swollen lymph nodes. Symptoms may clear up on their own or a doctor may prescribe drugs to kill the larvae.
When the larvae in the intestine make their way through the bloodstream to the eye, it is known as ocular toxocariasis , or ocular larva migrans , which may lead to a permanent loss of vision. Toxoplasmosis : contracted after contact with a parasite found in cat feces. In most healthy people, toxoplasma infection causes no symptoms.
When symptoms do happen, they may include swollen glands, tiredness, muscle pain, fever, sore throat, and a rash. In pregnant women, toxoplasmosis can cause miscarriage, premature births, and severe illness and blindness in newborns. Pregnant women should avoid contact with litter boxes. People whose immune systems have been weakened by illnesses such as HIV or cancer are at risk for severe complications from toxoplasmosis infection.
Dog and cat bites: may become infected and cause serious problems, particularly bites to the face and hands. Cat bites tend to be worse, partly because they are deeper puncture wounds. Significant bites should be washed out thoroughly. Often these bite wounds require treatment in a doctor's office or emergency room; antibiotics are sometimes necessary. Page 3 Birds Pet birds, even if they are kept in a cage, may transmit these diseases: Cryptococcosis: a fungal disease contracted when someone inhales organisms found in bird droppings, especially from pigeons, that can cause pneumonia.
People with weakened immune systems from illnesses such as HIV or cancer are at increased risk of contracting this disease and developing serious complications, such as meningitis. Psittacosis: also known as parrot fever, a bacterial illness that can happen from contact with infected bird feces or with the dust that builds up in birdcages. Symptoms include coughing, high fever, and headache. It is treated with antibiotics. Reptiles and Amphibians Reptiles including lizards, snakes, and turtles and amphibians including frogs, toads, and salamanders put kids at risk for: Salmonellosis : Reptiles and amphibians shed Salmonella in their feces.
Touching the reptile's skin, cage, and other contaminated surfaces can lead to infection. Salmonellosis causes symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, and fever. Young children are at risk for more serious illness, including dehydration , meningitis, and sepsis blood infection.
Other Animals Handling and caring for rodents — including hamsters and gerbils — as well as fish can place kids at risk for: Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus LCMV : People can get LCMV by inhaling particles that come from urine, feces, or saliva from infected rodents, such as mice and hamsters.
LCMV infection can cause flu-like symptoms — fever, tiredness, headaches, muscle aches, nausea, and vomiting — and may even lead to meningitis an inflammation of the membrane that surrounds the brain and spinal cord and encephalitis an inflammation of the brain.
As with most viruses, there is no specific treatment, but some patients might need to be hospitalized. Like toxoplasmosis, LCM may be passed from an infected pregnant woman to her fetus.
Mycobacterium marinum: This infection may happen in people exposed to contaminated water in aquariums or pools. Although mycobacterium marinum infections are generally mild and limited to the skin, they can be more severe in people with HIV or weakened immune systems.
Page 4 Precautions When Adopting or Buying a Pet If you're adopting or buying a pet, make sure the breeder, shelter, or store has a good reputation and vaccinates all of its animals. Safely Caring for Your Pet Here are some tips to help your family safely care for pets: Always wash your hands , especially after touching your pet, handling your pet's food, or cleaning your pet's cage, tank, or litter box. Wear gloves when cleaning up after an animal's waste, and if you have a bird, wear a dust mask over your nose and mouth when cleaning the cage to prevent inhaling urine or fecal particles.
Don't have kids clean cages or litter boxes unless there is supervision or until they know how to do this safely and responsibly and again, hands should be washed afterward. Avoid kissing or touching your pet with your mouth because infections can spread through saliva.
Also, don't share food with your pet. Keep your pet's living area clean and free of waste. If your pet eliminates waste outdoors, pick up waste regularly and don't allow kids to play in that area. Exercise — Walks and exercise both help to keep your dog fit and healthy, maintaining a strong immune system.
Vitamins — Dog vitamins fill in any nutritional gaps and boost the immune system. Specific vitamins like C can be given during a cold or flu to help speed recovery. Both of these elements can decrease immune function. Furthermore, keep your dog healthy and pay attention if your dog is acting strangely.
You may be able to help them feel better faster! Skip to content I want to stay informed! Dog Flu Interestingly enough, cases of dog flu are on the rise in recent years, and your dog can certainly come down with their version of our common disease. Symptoms can include: Cough that mimics kennel cough Fever Runny Nose Lethargy Loss of appetite Respiratory infection If your dog is presenting with these symptoms for more than 2 days, consult your vet.
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